Resume
Deadly Diseases And Epidemic: HIV/AIDS
Patrick G. Guilfoile, Ph.D.
Consulting Editor: Hilary Babcock, M.D., M.P.H.
Infectious Diseases Division, Washington University
School of Medicine,
Medical Director of Occupational Health (Infectious
Diseases),
Barnes-Jerwish Hospital and St. Louis Children’s
Hospital
Foreword by David Heymann
World Health Organization
This
book describes one of the deadly diseases that have been identified by the
medical until now, in the volume of this book explains about HIV / AIDS, the
origin of HIV / AIDS came from the story of Ryan White’s disease that had
hemofilia until finally he was identified attacked HIV / AIDS.
Ryan
White was diagnosed with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) in 1984 at
the age of 13, after he became ill with severe and unusual case of pneumonia.
Ryan had a genetic condition called hemophilia, which resulted in poor
clotting. To treat his hemophilia, he received a clotting factor made from the
blood pooled from many donors. Some of this blood was infected with the human
immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and he became infected.
Ryan
White was one of over 25 milion people who have died from AIDS since the
disease was first recognized in 1981. HIV likely claimed its first victims in
Africa, perhaps in the 1930’s, and probably reached the United States around
1970.
The Origin of The Virus
Many
pathogens got their start infecting other animals before they crossed the
species gap to humans. HIV is an example of just such a pathogen. The virus we
now call HIV likelt originated in chimpanzees in Cameroon in west-central
Africa. The chimpanzees virus, called SIV (Simian immunodeficiency
virus-chimpanzee), is an amalgamation of two other SIV viruses from red-capped
mangabeys and greater spot-nosed monkeys. The current hypothesis is that
chimpanzees simultaneously became infected with these two SIVs, leading to the
development of SIV. This may have happened when chimpanzees ate SIV-infected
red-capped mangabeys and greater spot-nosed monkeys. The viruses then combined
in the dually infected chimpanzees, and produced a hybrid virus that was now
capable of infecting both chimpanzees and humans. This virus establishes an
infection but does not cause a noticeable disease in chimpanzees. However, the
hybrid chimpanzee virus was apparently able to grow in human cells, and mutate
to the point where it was able to cause disease in humans.
Prevention of HIV/AIDS
1.
Protecting the
blood supply
2.
Needle exchange
3.
Behavioral
interventions
4.
Condoms
5.
Circumcision
6.
Vaginal microbiocides
7.
Post exposure
prophylaxis
8.
Pre exposure
prophylaxis
9.
Preventing
transmission during pregnancy and childbirth
Komentar
Posting Komentar